Neurons (green) generated from glia cells after expression of the transcription factors Neurogenin2; blue: nuclei. (Credit: ISF) The majority of cells in the human brain are not nerve cells but star-shaped glia cells, the so called “astroglia”. “Glia means “glue”, explains Götz. “As befits ...
Stroke is the result of an infarction, or bleeding, within the brain, and it may lead to impaired movement, impaired sensation, and difficulties in cognitive function and speech. Approximately 30,000 people are affected by stroke each year in Sweden, and it is the most common cause of long-term dependence on ...
Ultimately, the researchers hope the experimental cellular therapy will improve overall survival rates for blood cancer patients as well as offer a potential new paradigm for treating autoimmune diseases. "Toward our quest of making transplants even safer for adults and children with leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and other blood ...
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer death and is relatively incurable due to early metastatic spread and high resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. In order to better understand the pathology of this deadly cancer, scientists have recently begun to explore the role of CSCs in pancreatic ...
"We have shown first in lab experiments and then in stem cell-derived human brain cancer in mice, that we have a tool that can target and eliminate the cells that drive brain tumors," says co-senior author Juan Fueyo, M.D., associate professor in M. D. Anderson’s Department of Neuro-Oncology. A request ...
Their research reveals an unexpected role for the gene in sustaining the adult blood-forming system, and opens novel strategies for targeting the gene, which is often involved in a type of childhood leukemia. "We have identified a new pathway that is essential for blood stem cell turnover," said team leader ...
A machine creates a 3-D microarray slide. Later, Dordick and his team will add live stem cells to each drop of specialized fluid. (Credit: Rensselaer/Tiago Fernandez) The researchers have created methods to study millions of stems cells on devices the size of a standard microscope ...
Further, males are likely to recover from these changes over time, while the sexuality of female patients remains compromised. In addition, neither male nor female long-term cancer survivors regained levels of sexual activity and function equal to those of their peers who have not had cancer, according to a Blood ...
Dr Przyborski with the plastic scaffold which allows stem cells and other tissues to be grown in a more realistic three-dimensional (3D) form compared to the traditional flat surface of a Petri dish. (Credit: Image courtesy of Durham University) The technology, developed and patented by ...
“It’s like a canary-in-a-coal-mine scenario,” said Stice, a University of Georgia animal science professor and Georgia Research Alliance eminent scholar in the UGA College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. In collaboration with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Stice hopes to use his recently developed neural cell kits to detect chemical threats. “They ...
In a paper published Sept. 20 in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, scientists at the University of Rochester Medical Center have shown how stem-cell therapy might someday be used to treat the disease. The team used gene therapy to guide the development of endogenous stem cells in the brains of ...
Mathematician Natalia Komarova and biologist Dominik Wodarz also developed a tool that eventually could help doctors determine which combination of drugs would be most beneficial to a CML patient, and they determined why, in some cases, Imatinib does not block cancer growth. CML is a quick-progressing cancer that starts in ...
Dr Robert Clarke and his team at the University’s Cancer Studies research group have been investigating human breast cancers for the presence of stem cells - cells that generate new tumours and can cause the cancer to recur - in a series of studies funded by the charity Breast Cancer ...
Now, a group of University of Michigan Medical School researchers has succeeded in finding and manipulating a population of cells that strongly resemble stem cells in the stomachs of mice. They have been able to show that these cells, which they call "gastric progenitor cells," can give rise to all ...
The Rochester team has been leading the investigation of this promising therapy on the deadly blood cancer for nearly five years. And to bring it from a laboratory concept to patient studies in that time is very fast progress in the drug development world, said Craig T. Jordan, Ph.D., senior ...
A human metaphase stained for telomeric repeats. DAPI stained chromosomes are false-colored in red, telomeres are in green. (Credit: Claus Azzalin, ISREC) This discovery, published in Science Express, calls into question our understanding of how telomeres function, and may provide a new avenue of ...
UF researchers plan to test the experimental therapy in people with severe coronary artery disease and daily chest pain who have not responded to traditional medications or surgical procedures designed to restore blood flow, such as angioplasty or bypass surgery. "The general idea is that by providing these cells of blood ...
Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare neuromuscular autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system, which normally protects the body, mistakenly attacks itself. The transmission of nerve impulses to muscles is interrupted, which ultimately prevents the muscles from contracting. Without the proper nerve impulses, muscles that control breathing can’t ...
The newly discovered mechanism also suggests that some current cancer treatments may weaken muscle, and that physician researchers should start watching to see if a previously undetected side effect exists. Thanks to stem cells, humans develop from a single cell into a complex being with as many as 400 cell ...
It is widely postulated that a decrease in the number and activity of stem cells contributes to the aging of human tissue. These changes could be fundamental to many symptoms of aging such as wrinkling of skin and decreased organ function. The control of stem cell aging has, until now, been ...
Mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) is a distinctive type of leukemia -- distinguished from the more prevalent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by the presence of a break and rearrangement of chromosome number 11. The design of effective therapies to combat MLL leukemia depends upon the understanding of the unique genetic signature ...
Lights scatter from metallic nanoplasmonic particles upon excitation of an external light source. UC Berkeley researchers coupled the metallic nanoparticles with biomolecules to detect chemical signals within a single living cell at unprecedented resolution. (Credit: Graphic by Gang Logan Liu and Luke Lee/UC ...
In a report that appears in the journal Cell Stem Cell November 14 , Dr. Margaret A. Goodell, professor of pediatrics and director of BCM’s STem Cells and Regeneration Center (STaR), and her colleagues described how they used their database to determine what was unique to each blood cell and ...
New research from the lab of Harvard Medical School professor of pathology Ulrich von Andrian now suggests that HSCs’ biological role is far more versatile and dynamic. He and his colleagues have found that HSCs can travel from the bone marrow, through the blood system, and enter visceral organs where ...
Immunofluorescensce of normal human breast cells. (Credit: University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center) The finding also provides strong support for the hypothesis that a small number of cells, called cancer stem cells, are responsible for fueling a tumor’s growth. U-M researchers were the first to discover ...
The researchers found a way to transplant new blood-forming stem cells into the bone marrow of mice, effectively replacing their immune systems. Many aspects of the technique would need to be adapted before it can be tested in humans, said Irving Weissman, MD, a co-senior author of the study and ...
Now, researchers have devised a way to generate large numbers of human breast cancer stem cells in mice and have discovered a genetic switch that regulates critical properties of the cells. The regulator, which belongs to a class of molecules called microRNAs (microRNAs), pushes the stem cells to become more ...
"We are looking under the surface of CML to understand better where the cancer is coming from. We have discovered abnormal cells in the early stem cell population in some CML patients, which don’t belong to the CML clone. These are abnormal cells that are not part of the ...
According to Patel, special editor for this issue, suitable sources of cells for cardiac transplant will depend on the types of diseases to be treated. For acute myocardial infarction, a cell that reduces myocardial necrosis and augments vascular blood flow will be desirable. For heart failure, cells that replace or ...
The Xie Lab demonstrated that differentiation-defective Drosophila ovarian germline stem cells (GSCs), behaving like human cancer stem cells, can out-compete normal stem cells for a position in the niche. They do so by invading the niche space of neighboring GSCs and gradually pushing them out of the niche by increasing ...