In China, stroke is the leading cause of death for men; it kills more than 20 percent of the male population. It is also the top reason for long-term disability. High alcohol consumption is a known risk factor for stroke and alcohol use in China has increased in recent years ...
“We were expecting that the relationship between dieting and smoking was going to be stronger among females,” said lead author Mildred Maldonado-Molina, Ph.D., of the University of Florida, College of Medicine. “Our findings were consistent with previous studies examining the relationship between dieting behaviors and smoking initiation.” The researchers based ...
Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and the University of Bristol have examined the extent to which income inequality is predictive of this double nutritional burden in India. They found that people living in Indian states with high levels of income inequality experienced a greater risk of ...
“Increasing numbers of women are now overweight or obese at the start of pregnancy,” said Dr. Catharine Gale of the University of Southampton and co-author of the study. “Reducing the prevalence of overweight or obesity among women before they become pregnant may help break a cycle of obesity from one ...
Jane A. Cauley, Dr.P.H., professor of epidemiology, and colleagues evaluated patient data on 400 women enrolled in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study Cohort who had experienced hip fracture, confirmed by their medical record, over a median of 7.1 years. Levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D, an indicator of vitamin D ...
In research to be presented to the British Sleep Society, Professor Francesco Cappuccio from the University of Warwick’s Warwick Medical School will show the results of a study of how sleep patterns affected the mortality of 10,308 civil servants in the “Whitehall II study.” Amongst other things the data they ...
The six-year study involved 3,885 community dwelling people over age 65 in Chicago, IL. Of the participants, nearly 25 percent were obese with a body mass index (BMI) over 30, and 37 percent were overweight with a BMI between 25 and 29.9. Four cognitive tests were given at the beginning ...
That has led researchers to ask: Are there any factors that can influence the probability of giving birth to a baby boy or girl? A new study from the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, found that mothers who experienced an increase in weight ...
Most U.S. adults--including 57 percent of women and 47 percent of men--take dietary supplements, according to background information in the article. Professional organizations emphasize diet as the best source of nutrients for children; however, physicians may recommend supplements for certain children at risk of deficiency. Mary Frances Picciano, Ph.D., of the ...
Researchers in Italy found that about 50 percent of overweight, hypertensive adults, ranging in age from 29 to 65 years, achieved normal body weight and blood pressure after six months of treatment with a reduced-calorie diet. "This is important because it means that in these patients with elevated blood pressure ...
Confounding the matter is the fact that knee injury is a known risk factor for knee OA. Then, there’s the unclear role of osteophytes in knee OA progression, compounded by the limitations of radiographs for monitoring small yet significant changes in joint structure. ...
The study, authored by Dorotheé Chabas, MD, PhD, of the Fédération des Pathologies du Sommeil, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtriére, Paris, France, focused on 13 patients with narcolepsy and nine healthy controls matched for age, gender and ethnicity. Energy balance was evaluated by measuring the subjects’ body mass index (BMI), rest energy ...
An analysis of the height, weight, and body-mass index of teenagers during 1966-1969 and 1995-1997 in Norway demonstrates a shift towards taller and heavier teenagers, but also hints that there are more underweight adolescents. Health researchers commonly use body mass index (BMI), calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the height ...
The authors say the original study provided hope that simple interventions could have an impact on obesity levels but they now believe these sorts of programmes need to be continuous if their long term effect is to be properly assessed. Ten percent of the world’s school age population is estimated to ...
Age-related macular degeneration or aging macula disorder (AMD) occurs when the macula, the area at the back of the retina involved in sharp vision, deteriorates over time. Inflammation appears to play a role in the development of AMD, according to background information in the article. Proteins associated with inflammation, such ...
The prevalence of overweight among children in the United States has tripled in recent decades and related health care costs have nearly quadrupled, according to background information in the article. "Lifestyle interventions remain the most well-established interventions for overweight 7- to 12-year-olds. Although some evidence supports long-term efficacy, maintaining weight ...
Rates of oesophageal cancer have been rising rapidly, and in some countries, they have risen faster than those of every other major cancer, say the authors. The findings are based on a comparison of almost 800 people with oesophageal cancer and almost 1600 randomly selected people eligible to vote, who did ...
Joseph C. Anderson, MD of Stony Brook University in New York (and the University of Connecticut) and his colleagues examined data from 1,252 women who underwent colonoscopy. They classified patients according to their age, smoking history, family history of colorectal cancer, and body mass index (BMI). Obesity was defined ...
"A lot of times, if a woman comes in for a breast lift or a breast augmentation, she’ll say ’I want to fix what breastfeeding did to my breasts’," Rinker said. As a result, Rinker decided to find out if breast sagging was a direct result of breastfeeding. Rinker and ...
A consistently high level of physical activity from young adulthood into middle age increases the odds of maintaining a stable weight and lessens the amount of weight gained over time, according to a new analysis from Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine. People who reported at least 30 minutes of ...
In the study, 168,159 people (69,409 men, 98,750 women) from 18 to 80 years old (average age 48) in 63 countries across five continents were evaluated by their primary care physicians. "This is the largest study to assess the frequency of adiposity (body fat) in the clinic, providing ...
The study, begun at the University of Memphis (Tennessee) and called Girls health Enrichment Multisite Studies (GEMS), demonstrated a significant reduction in the prevalence of obesity among a group of 8- to 10-year old African-American girls, two years after the beginning of a program designed to reduce their body mass ...
Obesity is known to be a risk factor for developing breast cancer after menopause, according to background information in the article. Estrogens may accumulate in fat tissue, potentially initiating or promoting the growth of cancerous cells in the breast. Jiyoung Ahn, Ph.D., of the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Md., and colleagues ...
"The results underscore the importance of competitively pricing healthy foods," said Kelley E. Borradaile, Ph.D., lead author and research assistant professor in the Department of Public Health and the Center for Obesity Research and Education (CORE) at Temple University. She will present the findings at The North American Association for ...
Obesity was found to be associated with a significantly increased mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), while underweight was associated with increased mortality from primarily non-cancer, non-CVD causes. (Credit: iStockphoto/Lisa Fletcher) "In a previous study, we estimated excess all-cause mortality associated with underweight, overweight, and ...
The study, which looked at the long-term effectiveness of anti-obesity medications, found that three drugs recommended for long-term use - orlistat, sibutramine and rimonabant, reduced weight by less than 5kg (11 pounds). This equated to a loss of less than 5% of total body weight. Guidelines from the National Institute ...
Researchers remain uncertain regarding exactly how diet, including carbohydrate intake, affects the development of type 2 diabetes, according to background information in the articles. Studies have revealed that the body absorbs carbohydrates from different foods at different rates. This leads to varying effects on levels of blood glucose and the ...
"African-American men, among all racial groups, are more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer at an advanced stage and are also more likely to die from prostate cancer," said Jay H. Fowke, Ph.D., M.P.H., an assistant professor of Medicine and cancer epidemiologist at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center. According to ...
"This is the first study to show the association between neglect in childhood and childhood obesity. Previous studies looked at maltreatment in childhood and how it affected these individuals in adulthood," said Dr. Robert Whitaker, the study’s lead author and a pediatrician and professor of public health at Temple University. Examples ...
In a study exploring the relationship between sleep duration and overweight risk for third-grade and sixth-grade children, researchers found that children who got less shut-eye – fewer than 9 hours each day – were at an increased risk of being overweight, regardless of their gender, race, socioeconomic status, or quality ...